⚡ Emergency Hub
RECOGNIZE → CALL FOR HELP → IMMEDIATE ACTION → INVESTIGATIONS → DEFINITIVE MANAGEMENT → ESCALATION → POST-EVENT CARE. Every protocol follows the same spine.
Haemorrhage
Postpartum Haemorrhage
Start the PPH bundle for measured blood loss ≥500 mL, or ≥300 mL with abnormal haemodynamics (WHO 2025); treat concerning ongoing bleeding/shock immediately without waiting for a volume threshold.
Massive APH (praevia/abruption)
Significant antepartum bleeding with instability or fetal compromise: resuscitate immediately; visible loss can underestimate concealed abruption.
Massive Transfusion Activation
Ongoing major obstetric haemorrhage with shock or a predicted rapid substantial transfusion requirement; activate before laboratory confirmation when clinically necessary.
Hypertensive
Eclampsia
New seizure during pregnancy after 20 weeks or postpartum: treat suspected eclampsia promptly while considering other causes. Normal BP or absent proteinuria does NOT exclude it.
Acute Severe Hypertension (>=160/110)
Systolic ≥160 OR diastolic ≥110 mmHg persisting on prompt repeat measurement, generally within 15 min; do not wait 4 h to confirm an emergency.
Collapse
Maternal Collapse / Cardiac Arrest
Unresponsive with absent/abnormal breathing: activate the cardiac-arrest response and start CPR; a trained clinician checks pulse without delaying compressions.
Postpartum Seizure (non-eclamptic differentials)
Any new postpartum seizure is an emergency. Eclampsia can occur later than 48 h and without previously documented hypertension; do not exclude it using that timing alone.
Amniotic Fluid Embolism
Sudden respiratory compromise, hypotension/cardiac arrest and/or major coagulopathy during labour, birth or the early postpartum period; consider AFE alongside haemorrhage, PE, anaphylaxis and other causes.
Birth emergency
Shoulder Dystocia
The fetal head has delivered but the shoulders do not deliver with normal gentle axial traction; head retraction/turtle sign may be present.
Cord Prolapse
Cord visible/palpable below or alongside the presenting part after membrane rupture, or sudden prolonged fetal bradycardia where prolapse is possible.
Uterine Inversion
After birth: fundus absent/dimpled abdominally or a uterine mass in the vagina/introitus, with pain, bleeding and shock that may be disproportionate to measured loss.
Uterine Rupture
Abnormal fetal heart rate, persistent abdominal/scar pain, loss of station, bleeding, haematuria or maternal shock, especially with a uterine scar/obstruction.